English six genres for Junior level

A. Description (Deskripsi)

1. Function ( Fungsi)
Mendeskripsikan ciri-ciri seseorang, benda atau tempat tertentu.

2. Generic structure (Struktur Teks)
● Identification (Pengenalan subjek)
● Description (Ciri-ciri subjek)

3. Language Features (Ciri Kebahasaan)
Menggunakan:
• Nouns tertentu, misalnya teacher, house,my cat, dsb.
• Simple present tense.
• Detailed noun phrase
• Adjectives, yang bersifat describing, numbering and classifying,
Misalnya : two strong legs, sharp white fangs, dsb.
• Relating verbs untuk memberikan informasi tentang subjek,
Misalnya : My mum is realy cool, It has very thick fur, dsb
• Thinking verbs dan feeling verbs untuk mengungkapkan pandangan pribadi penulis tentang subjek.
Misalnya: Police believe the suspect is armed, I think it is a clever animal.
• Action verbs, misalnya Our new puppy bites our shoes, dsb.
• Abverbials untuk memberikan informasi tambahan tentang perilaku.
Misalnya: fast, at the tree house, dsb.

GENERIC STRUCTURE
Description
The Golden Gate Bridge is a suspension bridge spanning the Golden Gate, the opening of the San Francisco Bay onto the Pacific Ocean. As part of both US Highway 101 and California Route 1, it connects the city of San Francisco on the northern tip of the San Francisco Peninsula to Marin County.
Identification
The Golden Gate Bridge had the longest suspension bridge span in the world when it was completed in 1937 and has become an internationally recognized symbol of San Francisco and California. Since its completion, the span length has been surpassed by eight other bridges. It still has the second longest suspension bridge main span in the United States, after the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge in New York City. In 2007, it was ranked fifth on the List of America’s Favorite Architecture by the American Institute of Architects. DESCRIPTION

B. Narrative (Naratif, dongeng)

1. Function ( fungsi )
Menghibur pendengar atau pembaca (yang bertalian dengan pengalaman nyata, khayal atau peristiwa pelik yang mengarah ke suatu krisis, yang pada akhirnya menemukan suatu penyelesaian).

2. Generic structure (Struktur Teks)
● Orientation (Pengenalan tokoh, waktu, dan tempat)
● Complication (Pengembangan konflik)
● Resolution (Penyelesaian konflik)
● Coda/Re-orientation ( perubahan dan pelajaran yang terjadi pada tokoh)

3. Language Features (Ciri Kebahasaan)
Menggunakan:
• Nouns tertentu sebagai kata ganti orang, hewan dan benda tertentu dalam cerita.
Misalnya: stepsisters, housework, dsb.
• Adjectives yang membentuk noun phrase, misalnya, long black hair, two red apples.
• Time connectives dan conjunctions (cronological order) untuk mengurutkan events
Misalnya: then, before that, soon, dsb.
• Adverbs dan adverbial phrases untuk menunjukkan lokasi kejadian atau peristiwa, Misalnya: here, in the mountain, happily ever after
• Action verbs dalam past tense.
Misalnya: stayed, climbed, dsb.
• Saying verbs yang menandai ucapan.
Misalnya: said, told, promised, dan thinking
• Verbs yang menandai pikiran, persepsi atau perasaan tokoh dalam cerita,
Misalnya: thought, understood, felt.

GENERIC STRUCTURE
Orientation :
It was a warm day in March. I was very excited. The day had finally come. I was in the rowing team for the Olympics. I got up very early and exercised as always. Then after breakfast I drove to Drummoyne. My team arrived and at last it was time to start.

Complication
Ready, set and the starting gun went off. We began in the third position and were slowly moving closer. There they were. We could see the second boat and then we did it.

Resolution
We moved past. My arms were aching. My whole body was sore but we all rowed harder.
The first boat was just in front I saw a dark shadow near the boat. I looked again. What was it? I was sure it was the shape of a cigar. ‘Oh my God’, I thought, ‘I must be seeing things. A shark in Parramata River? Impossible!’

Re-orientation
Just then I pulled my oar out of the water. ‘Oh no, why only half?’ I thought. Then I knew. I shouted to my team, ‘Shark! Shark!’ and suddenly we forgot the race. We rowed faster than ever back to shore. We made it. Phew, we were safe!

C. Procedure (Prosedur)
1. Function ( fungsi)
Memberi petunjuk tentang cara melakukan sesuatu melalui serangkaian tindakan atau langkah.
2. Generic Structure (Struktur Teks)
• Goal ( Tujuan kegiatan )
• Materials (Bahan-bahan)
• Steps (Langkah-langkah)
3. Language (Ciri Kebahasaan)
Menggunakan:
• Pola kalimat imperative, misalnya, Cut, Don’t mix, dsb.
• Action verbs, misalnya turn, put, don’t, mix, dsb.
• Connectives untuk mengurutkan kegiatan, misalnya then, while, dsb.
• Adverbials untuk menyatakan rinci waktu, tempat, cara yang akurat, misalnya for five minutes, 2 centimetres from the top, dsb.

D. Report (Laporan hasil pengamatan)

1. Function (fungsi)
Menyampaikan informasi tentang sesuatu, apa adanya, sebagai hasil pengamatan sistematis atau analisis. Yang dideskripsikan dapat meliputi gajala alam, lingkungan, benda buatan manusia, atau gejala-gejala sosial. Deskripsi sebuah teks report dapat berupa simpulan umum, misalnya, ikan paus termasuk binatang mamalia karena ikan tersebut melahirkan anaknya. Untuk membuat laporan semacam ini, siswa perlu mengamati dan membandingkan ikan paus dengan binatang lainnya yang memiliki ciri-ciri yang sama.
Siswa dapat mencoba membuat teks laporan tentang, misalnya, rumah sangat sederhana, warung tegal, sekolah, rumah sakit dsb. dengan mendekripsikan ciri-ciri subyek tersebut sehingga disebut rumah sederhana, dsb.

2. Generic Structure (struktur Teks)
• General Clasification
• Deskripsi

3. Language Features (Ciri Kebahasaan)
Menggunakan:
• General nouns.
For example: ‘Reptiles in Comodo Insland
• Relating verbs untuk menjelaskan cirri.
For example: reptiles are scaly animals (ciri ini berlaku untuk semua reptilia)
• Action verbs dalam mejelaskan perilaku.
For example: lizards cannot fly.

• Present tense untuk menyatakan suatu yang umum.
For example: Komodo dragons usually weight more than 160 kg, dsb.
• Istilah teknis, misalnya water contains oxygen and hydrogen, dsb.
• Paragraf dengan topik sentence untuk menyusun sejumlah informasi.

THE PELICAN REPORT

Pernyataan tentang subjek laporan The white pelican is one of the most successful fish-eating birds.

Deskripsi The success is largely due to its command hunting behaviour. A group, perhaps two dozen birds, will gather in a curved arc some distance offshore. The birds then begin to move forward towards the shore, beating the water furiously with their wings, driving the fish before them.
When the water is shallow enough for the birds to reach the fish, the formation breaks up as each bird dips its bill into the water to scoop up its meal. As the bird lifts its head, the water drains from its bill leaving the fish which are then swallowed.
Pelicans are among the oldest group of birds, Fossils of this genus have been found dating back 40 million years.

E. Recount (Laporan peristiwa, kejadian atau kegiatan masa lampau)

1. Function ( fungsi)
Melaporkan peristiwa, kejadian atau kegiatan dengan tujuan memberitakan atau menghibur.
2. Generic structure (Struktur Teks)
● Orientation (Pengenalan)
● Series of events (kronologis peristiwa)
● Actor comments (Komentar pribadi dan/atau ungkapan penilaian)
● Reorientation (Pengenalan ulang yang merangkum rentetan peristiwa, kejadian)
3. Language Features (Ciri Kebahasaan)
Menggunakan:

• Nouns dan pronouns sebagai kata ganti orang, hewan atau benda yang terlibat.
For example: David, the monkey, we
• Action verbs atau kata kerja tindakan.
For example: go, sleep, run
• Past tense.
For example: We went to the zoo; She was happy.
• Conjunctions dan time connectives yang mengurutkan peristiwa, kejadian atau kegiatan,
For example: and, but, then, after that.
• Adverbs dan adverb phrases untuk mengungkap tempat, waktu dan cara.
For example: yesterday, at my house, slowly.
• Adjectives untuk menerangkan nouns.
For example: beautiful, funny, dsb.

F. Anecdote
1. Function ( fungsi)
Cerita pendek yang memaparkan incident yang terjadi pada seseorang dalam kehidupan nyata.
2. Generic structure (Struktur Teks)
● Abstrak
● Orientation (Pengenalan )
● crisis
● Incident
3. Language Features (Ciri Kebahasaan)
Menggunakan
• Exclamation words ; it’s awful! It’s wonderful
• Imperative ; listen to this…
• Action verb; go, write, etc
• Conjunction of time; then, afterward
• Simple past